Evidence for Two Alternate Stable States in an Ungulate Grazing System

Simple models describing plant-herbivore interactions predict complex dynamics that depend on both herbivore density and plant abundance. We examined interactions between white-tailed deer, Odocioleus virginianus, and a dominant forb species, Laportea canadensis, in the understory of deciduous forests by measuring the functional response of deer to this forb and by conducting exclosure experiments under different deer and forb densities.

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